“Thou art Christ, the Son of the living God. And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-jona; for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but My Father which is in Heaven.’ …
“Jesus saw, in this acknowledgment, the living principle that would animate the hearts of His believers in coming ages. …
“Jesus continued: ‘And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.’ The word Peter signifies rolling stone. Christ did not refer to Peter as being the rock upon which He would found His church. His expression, ‘this rock,’ applied to Himself as the foundation of the Christian church. [Author’s emphasis]
“… It is the same Stone to which reference is made in Luke 20:17, 18: ‘And He beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The Stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner? Whosoever shall fall upon that Stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.’
“… Christ is the rock upon which the church is built, and, in His address to Peter, He referred to Himself as the rock which is the foundation of the church. He continues:
“ ‘And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.’ The Roman church makes a wrong application of these words of Christ. They claim that He addressed them specially to Peter. Hence, he is represented in works of art as carrying a bunch of keys, which is a symbol of trust and authority given to ambassadors and others in high positions. The words of Christ: ‘I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven,’ were not addressed to Peter alone, but to the disciples, including those who compose the Christian church in all ages. …
“But the Roman Catholic church claims that Christ invested Peter with supreme power over the Christian church, and that his successors are divinely authorized to rule the Christian world. In still another place, Jesus acknowledges the same power to exist in all the church that is claimed to have been given to Peter alone, upon the authority of the text previously quoted.” The Spirit of Prophecy, Vol. 2, 272–274