Question – How do we know if our impressions are from the Lord?

How do we know if our impressions are from the Lord?

In His love, the Lord has created us with the ability to think and to reason. Our minds are the most intricate and complicated of computers. With the ability to think and reason we have been given the privilege of choice, the privilege of carrying out our own ideas, which gives us satisfaction and joy. God in His great love created us to be happy.

As a rule, our impressions are ideas that come to our minds from the things that we see, hear, feel, taste, and experience. Our surrounding environment does a great deal to influence what we think about, and usually we create our own environment; we choose what we want to read, watch, eat, where we go, what we think about, with whom we associate, and our employment. We also have inherited tendencies and familial influences. The things they talk about and the way they do things, the things that they value in life and the morals of the home all enter into the impressions that come to our mind. We often have no realization of what influences us to think the way we do.

The impressions we get about what to do or not to do are caused by some function or opportunity in front of us awaiting a decision, or it may be an impression to say or not to say something to a certain person. It may be a business deal you have the opportunity to enter into. You make decisions about all these things and more, according to your impressions.

The way to ensure ourselves against following the wrong impression is to live a life of prayer. If we study our Bibles faithfully and have a prayer relationship with the Lord, He will not lead us astray. He will allow us to build our characters by letting us do the choosing that we think is best, but we must compare our impressions with what we have learned from the study of the inspired writings. God is the same yesterday, today, and forever, so we can take the Bible as our guide and standard. Anything that contradicts the Bible is not from God.

Satan will try to put things in our minds, but if we fortify our minds with the word of God we will recognize truth from error. It is necessary that we pray earnestly before we make important decisions, for we are fighting against a horrible enemy, and he is very deceptive and much more cunning and intelligent than we are, so, we must have the Lord to help us deal with the devil. There is no way that we can win the battle except that we follow in the footsteps of Jesus.

“All true obedience comes from the heart. It was heart work with Christ. And if we consent, He will so identify Himself with our thoughts and aims, so blend our hearts and minds into conformity to His will, that when obeying Him we shall be but carrying out our own impulses. The will, refined and sanctified, will find its highest delight in doing His service. When we know God as it is our privilege to know Him, our life will be a life of continual obedience. Through an appreciation of the character of Christ, through communion with God, sin will become hateful to us.” The Desire of Ages, 668.

Question – What does it mean when the Bible says: you know not that you are wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked? Revelation 3:17.

What does it mean when the Bible says: you know not that you are wretched, and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked? Revelation 3:17. I cannot see how a person can be in such a condition as this and not know it.

Physically speaking, in order for a person to be in any one of these conditions and not know it, he would have to be asleep, anesthetized, intoxicated, or in a coma.

In the Bible when it talks about these conditions it is referring to us spiritually. It compares our spiritual condition to conditions in physical life. Physical terminology is being applied to a spiritual condition. This aptly describes the true condition of our present church. Spiritually speaking, many are asleep or blind or unconscious of the seriousness of the times in which we live. Satan has lulled us to sleep. We can hear the most stirring messages about the end of time, and then hear, “Get ready, get ready, get ready,” and then go right on with our life as usual without giving it a second thought to prepare for our last day on earth.

God’s word has described our situation in several different places in the Bible. Paul tells us, “It is high time we awake out of sleep.” Romans 13:11. If we are asleep, we are not aware of our condition. Jesus said, “If the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.” Matthew 15:14. And in cautioning the Israelites, He said, “Beware lest thou forget the Lord.” Deuteronomy 6:12.

There is a mental blindness that often goes unrecognized. You can be blinded spiritually by looking at so many things of the world that you can no longer see the spiritual. For instance, if you fill your time and mind with novels and fiction, TV and other media, the appreciation of the Bible or other spiritual tools is lost. The desire leans toward temporary thrills or excitement. Spiritual awareness is blinded, and the beauty of the words in the Bible are unseen.

And, as the Bible says, the blind leading the blind causes them both to fall into the ditch. People speak more of the media and other trivial topics than those of a spiritual nature. I’m sure you have seen it—a group of people laughing till there sides hurt, and you find out it is over something they saw on TV, usually of an immoral nature. These are situations where the blind are leading the blind, and unless they open their eyes they will all fall into the ditch.

Spiritually speaking, we can also be anesthetized by the cares of this life, by covetousness for the things of this world, or even just making a living and working too many hours a day, pushing out time for prayer and study. Jesus warned us when He said, “And take heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of this life, and [so] that day come upon you unawares.” Luke 21:34.

Then there are people who are intoxicated or who are in a state of drunkenness. When we pay heed to vain philosophy and so-called “science,” we are actually drunk with nonsense and can no longer comprehend the simple truths of the Bible. As to how this wonderful earth could be created in six days … you cannot reason that out. It has to come by faith. But science tries to show that that was impossible, not bearing in mind that they are contending with the creator of science. They are drunk with vain philosophy. “Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ.” Colossians 2:8.

Question – Is it right to go out to eat in restaurants on the Sabbath?

Question – Is it right for Seventh-day Adventists to go out to eat in restaurants on the Sabbath?

This question has come up through the years. One thing we do know is that we are to keep the Sabbath holy. It is a day to learn how to enjoy fellowship with the Lord, and it is well for God’s people to eat together and enjoy one another’s friendship with brotherly love.

We know that the Lord does not expect us to fast every Sabbath; however, there is advice given about the preparation of food for the Sabbath both in the Bible and the Spirit of Prophecy, so we will look at the subject of food on Sabbath a little bit.

When the children of Israel were traveling through the wilderness, the Lord gave them special instructions about preparing their food for the Sabbath. This is what happened, and the response: “And it came to pass, [that] on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for one [man]: and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses. And he said unto them, This [is that] which the Lord hath said, To morrow [is] the rest of the holy sabbath unto the Lord: bake [that] which ye will bake [to day], and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.” Exodus 16:22, 23.

Here is a paragraph from the pen of inspiration in our day: “Then search the Scriptures, parents. Be not only hearers, but doers of the Word. Meet God’s standard in the education of your children. Let them see that you are preparing for the Sabbath on the working days of the week. All preparation should be made, every stitch taken, on the six working days; all cooking for the Sabbath should be done on the preparation day. It is possible to do this, and if you make it a rule, you can do it. The commandment is, ‘Bake that which ye will bake today, and seethe [boil] that ye will seethe, for tomorrow is the rest of the holy Sabbath.’ That day is not to be given to the cooking of food, or pleasure seeking, or worldly employment. Explain your work and its purpose to your children, and let them help themselves and their parents in their preparation to keep the Sabbath according to the commandment. Lead your children to consider the Sabbath a delight, the day of days, the holy of the Lord, honorable. Do not allow yourself to spend the precious hours of the Sabbath in your bed. The heads of the house should be astir early.” Lake Union Herald, April 14, 1909.

This is another quotation from the pen of Ellen White: “We should not provide for the Sabbath a more liberal supply or a greater variety of food than for other days. Instead of this the food should be more simple, and less should be eaten, in order that the mind may be clear and vigorous to comprehend spiritual things. Overeating befogs the brain. The most precious words may be heard and not appreciated, because the mind is confused by an improper diet. By overeating on the Sabbath, many have done more than they think to dishonor God.

“While cooking upon the Sabbath should be avoided, it is not necessary to eat cold food. In cold weather let the food prepared the day before be heated. And let the meals, though simple, be palatable and attractive. Provide something that will be regarded as a treat, something the family does not have every day.” Testimonies, vol. 6, 357.

When you eat out at a restaurant, the food is most likely not prepared for the Sabbath a day ahead of time, and besides that, you are really doing business on the Sabbath day. You are buying your food on Sabbath, and it should be purchased on one of the six working days.

May God bless you, and we can eat our Sabbath meal in heaven soon!

If you have a Bible question you wish to have answered, please e-mail it to: ruthgrosboll@stepstolife.org.

Question – How do we know if God is among us or not?

The children of Israel asked Moses that question when they rebelled in the wilderness and were thirsty with apparently no water to drink. They lost faith in the Lord and chided Moses. “And he called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, ‘Is the Lord among us, or not?’ ” Exodus 17:7.

We have been in the wilderness longer than the children of Israel were in the wilderness, and the devil has been trying us on every point, but we must not lose faith in God. We are nearing the borders of our heavenly Canaan. Actually, we have been on the borders of Canaan a couple of times before and have been turned back into the wilderness of sin because of unbelief and insubordination.

Satan is determined to disrupt God’s plan, so no one will be ready to meet the Lord when He comes. But Satan is no match for the Lord. God will have a people. Our problem is, will we be among the Lord’s elect, or will we let Satan disrupt our faith?

Praise God, He has not left His people; His hand is over us yet. “The church of God, enfeebled and defective though it is through yielding to temptation, is the only object upon earth on which he bestows his supreme regard. His interest, with all the interest of the heavenly host, is all with his people, who, in the midst of a crooked and perverse nation, are to shine as lights in the world. His Holy Spirit is giving rich and constant supplies of grace for every emergency. Not one needs to stumble, for Christ has said, ‘He that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.’ ” General Conference Bulletin, April 1, 1897.

There are many inconsistencies among God’s professed people today. Just as when Elijah thought that he was the only one left who was following the Lord, the Lord told him that He had seven thousand who had not bowed their knees to Baal. So today, God has His jewels who love Him and are keeping His commandments, in spite of the apostasy in the professed church.

It may look as though the church is about to fall, but it does not. The problem is in knowing who and what the church is. Some people think it is an organization, but no organization is equivalent to the church. The church uses the organization to accomplish its goals. If an organization becomes corrupt, or is destroyed, that does not mean that there is no church. “God has a church. It is not the great cathedral, neither is it the national establishment, neither is it the various denominations; it is the people who love God and keep His commandments. ‘Where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them.’ Matthew 18:20. Where Christ is even among the humble few, this is Christ’s church, for the presence of the High and Holy One who inhabiteth eternity can alone constitute a church.” The Upward Look, 315. God has a church, and His presence is with His church.

Question & Answer: How did Nero die?

The apostle Paul was tried before Nero, emperor of Rome.

“For a moment, heaven was opened to the guilty and hardened Nero, and its peace and purity seemed desirable. That moment the invitation of mercy was extended even to him. But only for a moment was the thought of pardon welcomed. Then the command was issued that Paul be taken back to his dungeon; and as the door closed upon the messenger of God, the door of repentance closed forever against the emperor of Rome. No ray of light from heaven was ever again to penetrate the darkness that enveloped him. Soon he was to suffer the retributive judgments of God.

“Not long after this, Nero sailed on his infamous expedition to Greece, where he disgraced himself and his kingdom by contemptible and debasing frivolity. Returning to Rome with great pomp, he surrounded himself with his courtiers and engaged in scenes of revolting debauchery. In the midst of this revelry a voice of tumult in the streets was heard. A messenger dispatched to learn the cause, returned with the appalling news that Galba, at the head of an army, was marching rapidly upon Rome, that insurrection had already broken out in the city, and that the streets were filled with an enraged mob, which, threatening death to the emperor and all his supporters, was rapidly approaching the palace.

“In this time of peril, Nero had not, like the faithful Paul, a powerful and compassionate God on whom to rely. Fearful of the suffering and possible torture he might be compelled to endure at the hands of the mob, the wretched tyrant thought to end his life by his own hand, but at the critical moment his courage failed. Completely unmanned, he fled ignominiously from the city and sought shelter at a countryseat a few miles distant, but to no avail. His hiding place was soon discovered, and as the pursuing horsemen drew near, he summoned a slave to his aid and inflicted on himself a mortal wound. Thus perished the tyrant Nero, at the early age of thirty-two.” The Acts of the Apostles, 496, 497.

Questions & Answers – How can you tell the difference between Faith and Presumption

Let us think about what faith is. The Bible says that “faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.” Hebrews 11:1. Another writer said, “We honor God when we take him at his word, and walk out by faith, believing that he means just what he says.” The Review and Herald, March 19, 1889. Faith has substance and it has evidence. It is believing just what God says and acting in accordance with His desires.

It is important that we have faith in God. We are told that “Without faith [it is] impossible to please [him]: for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and [that] he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him.” Hebrews 11:6. Then again, we read, “For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.” Romans 4:3.

We believe that the Bible is the word of God, and Jesus said that “Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.” Matthew 4:4. If we believe and live by every word in the Bible, we should have faith. When we pray, our supplications should all be in accordance with the will of God.

One way to help us understand the will of God is to meditate on the words of Jesus that He said when the lawyer asked, which is the greatest commandment? “Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second [is] like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.” Matthew 22:37–40.

Boiling it all down, we might just say that faith is believing God, and doing His will. When we pray, we should pray according to the will of God, and He will hear and answer.

As for presumption, I looked in three different dictionaries and found many explanations, but I will just quote a few definitions here: “Boldness, supposition, audacity, acting unwarrantable.” In other words, having confidence in something in which there is no surety.

For example, Satan tempted Jesus by asking Him to jump down from the pinnacle of the temple, saying that the angels would protect Him. There was no necessity to jump, and God had not told Him to jump; therefore it would have been presumption to ask the angels to save Him, since God had not told Him to jump, and there was no purpose in it other than to show off.

It has been said that “presumption is when you claim the promise but do not fulfill the condition.” God’s promises are sure, and we need to have faith that He will fulfill His word. If we expect answers to our prayers, they must be within the will of God. And we must have faith in God that He will do that which is best in the light of eternity.

If you have a Bible question you wish to have answered, please e-mail it to: ruthgrosboll@stepstolife.org.

Questions & Answers – Wearing of Jewelry

Question:

It appears when reading the Bible that in ancient times the wearing of jewelry was approved. The children of Israel had many jewels and wore earrings. Abraham’s servant, Eliezer, brought gifts of jewelry to Rebekah and her family when choosing her as a wife for Isaac. Why then is it objectionable for a Christian to wear jewelry?

Answer:

Ezekiel 28 describes Satan in heaven before his fall. He was decked in jewels. In fact, it says that every precious stone was his covering: diamonds, emeralds, and sapphires, just to name a few.

In Revelation, chapter 21, is a description of the Holy City. It is called a city of gold; the walls are jasper with all manner of precious stones, and the gates are made of pearl. God, who is a God of beauty, loves beautiful stones and jewelry. This little quotation might put jewelry in its right perspective:

“God would have his children appreciate his works, and delight in the simple, quiet beauty with which he has adorned our earthly home. He is a lover of the beautiful, and above all that is outwardly attractive he loves beauty of character; he would have us cultivate purity and simplicity, the quiet graces of the flowers.” Christian Education, 54.

This world has been inundated with sin, and one of the chief sins is pride, which was the original sin that caused Satan to fall. God hates pride, for He says, “For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the Lord of hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch.” Malachi 4:1.

All the proud are going to be done away with, root and branch. Since jewelry has a tendency to draw people’s attention, it also causes one to be proud. Pride has to be overcome and a character of humility developed—one that thinks of others before themselves, one that would attract people to Jesus and not to their own person decked in jewelry.

“The warfare against self is the greatest battle that was ever fought. The yielding of self, surrendering all to the will of God, and being clothed with humility, possessing that love that is pure, peaceable, and easy to be entreated, full of gentleness and good fruits, is not an easy attainment.” Gospel Workers, 376.

This is a battle that each one of us must fight, and if we are going to be ready for heaven we must not only fight, but we must win. Therefore, we need to follow the instructions that the apostle Paul gave us in Hebrews, which says, “Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset [us], and let us run with patience the race that is set before us, Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of [our] faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God.” Hebrews 12:1, 2.

We have this admonition, “In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array.” I Timothy 2:9.

Heaven is worth everything; if we lose it, we lose all, and if we gain it, we will gain all. Is it not worth striving for? It will take all to gain a character that will fit in there, but it will be more than worth it.

Consider what Jesus gave up for us. Those who are saved will be walking on streets of gold.

If you have a Bible question you wish to have answered, please e-mail it to: ruthgrosboll@stepstolife.org.

Ask the Pastor – The Burning of Rome

Question:

I have heard that the city of Rome burned during the reign of Nero and that the Christians were blamed for it. Can you provide any information about this?

Answer:

Although this is not a Biblical question, it does touch on history during Bible times.

On July 19, in the year a.d. 64, history records that a catastrophic fire broke out in Rome. Fanned by the wind, it swept through much of the city. When the fire started, the Emperor Nero fled to his villa in Antium, 33 miles away, to direct the fire fighting. But in spite of the efforts put forth, the fire continued to burn for nine days, destroying much of the city.

One of the rumors which spread was that Nero himself had ordered the fire set in order to provide space in Rome for some of his ambitious building projects. Indeed, after the fire, Nero began to build for himself a grandiose palace on some 200 acres of prime city land, much of it expropriated from the fire-devastated area. Nero’s notorious ambition, coupled with his monstrous cruelty, made such rumors credible.

We do know that Nero did make scapegoats of the Christians. When the first of the Christians were questioned, they, for fear, implicated other Christians. Many were put to death in bizarre ways. Some were dressed in animal skins, and savage dogs were set upon them; others were crucified; still others were made into human torches in Nero’s own garden. Some accounts have been passed down that it was during this period of time when Peter and Paul were put to death.

We do not know just how large the Christian community was at the time of Nero’s reign (a.d. 54–68), but some time after Nero became emperor, Paul wrote his letter to what was then a flourishing community of Christians in Rome.

Rome was not the only place where the early Christians were persecuted, nor was Nero the only public official who persecuted them. There is abundant evidence in the New Testament and other sources that Christians suffered for their faith throughout the Roman world. History has a nasty way of repeating itself when we do not learn the lessons the first time. We know from Scripture that, before Jesus comes again, a time of trouble such as never was will break out upon the Christian community. (Daniel 12:1.)

In the aftermath of the persecution under Nero that followed the burning of Rome, the Christian community was badly shaken. Scholars believe that some of the New Testament books were written to encourage and support the fledgling church. The stage was set for the more systematic and widespread persecution of Christians that followed in the next centuries as the church grew. If such an instance as the burning of Rome brought persecution and blame upon the Christians in Paul’s day, persecution could come in our day as the result of something again being blamed upon God’s people. Our only hope is to be firmly grounded in Christ Jesus, our Lord and Saviour.

Pastor Mike Baugher is a retired minister of the gospel. If you have a question you would like Pastor Mike to answer, e-mail it to: landmarks@stepstolife.org, or mail it to: LandMarks, Steps to Life, P. O. Box 782828, Wichita, KS 67278.

Ask the Pastor: Sabbath Communion

Question:

Is it right for our church to have the foot washing and ordinances services on the Sabbath? Jesus did not institute them on that day. Most all of our churches do it then, but does this make it right?

Answer:

The closing events in the life of Jesus brought Him to the upper room to celebrate the Passover with the disciples before He went to the cross. It was at this time that the Passover changed and became the Lord’s Supper. The old covenant religious observations, including the Passover, forever passed from the scene at the cross.

The occasion of the foot washing is recorded in John 13. The setting provided Jesus with the opportunity to teach the disciples how to deal with their feelings about one another and the contention of who was the greatest. Not one of them wanted to lower himself to the level of a servant, whose duty it generally was to wash the feet of guests. They wanted to preach and to teach and to cast out devils and to heal the sick. But ministry involves more than these things. It qualifies itself by having a servant’s heart. When none of the disciples wanted to render a servant’s duties, even to the Lord Himself, Jesus took the basin, girded Himself with a towel, and began to wash the disciples’ feet.

After He was finished, He began to explain to them the purpose of what he had done. “Ye call me Master and Lord: and ye say well; for [so] I am. If I then, [your] Lord and Master, have washed your feet; ye also ought to wash one another’s feet. For I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you. Verily, verily, I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord; neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him. If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.” Verses 13–17.

The issue here, as far as example is concerned, is not about on which day it is done but what the attitude is concerning service to our fellow men. We must be willing to serve on any day when needed. Happiness will be produced, if we know what to do and are doing it.

The ordinances are not restricted to any certain day. The Sabbath provides occasion and opportunity for these remembrances to take place for the greatest number of church members and visitors. We are to enter into the ordinances with the attitude of remembering what Jesus has done for us and not restrict ourselves to some certain time frame. The same is true of the communion service. The importance of this service is to remember. The time frame is, “For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord’s death till he come.” 1 Corinthians 11:26. The idea is what happens, not when it happens.

Pastor Mike Baugher is a retired minister of the gospel. If you have a question you would like Pastor Mike to answer, e-mail it to: landmarks@stepstolife.org, or mail it to: LandMarks, Steps to Life, P. O. Box 782828, Wichita, KS 67278.

Ask the Pastor – The Potter’s Power

Question:

What is the lesson to be drawn from the apostle Paul’s words in Romans 9:21, which say: “Hath not the potter power over the clay, of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour, and another unto dishonour?”

Answer:

Contained in the writings of the apostle Paul are some things which Peter says are “hard to understand.” 11 Peter 3:16. This, no doubt, is one of them. Because these words are easily misunderstood, many people have become discouraged and have given up, because they believe that God creates some to be saved and others to be lost. But this is not true.

To understand this verse calls for some background study. We need to go back to the days of Jeremiah when the nation of Israel was in rebellion against God and the people were determined to do what they wanted rather than what God required. (See Jeremiah 18.)

Jeremiah was directed to go to the potter’s house and observe the potter at work. This parable, of course, was illustrative of how God worked with Israel.

And then, by one of those flashes of insight, which the world calls genius, but which we recognize as inspiration, he was taught to read the meaning of the parable. “Then the word of the Lord came to me, saying, O house of Israel, cannot I do with you as this potter? saith the Lord. Behold, as the clay [is] in the potter’s hand, so [are] ye in mine hand, O house of Israel.” Jeremiah 18:5, 6.

The great God of heaven, Who, in history, had determined the times and seasons of mankind, had, for example, called Israel to be the pattern of a righteous people, the witness of truth to the nations, a kingdom of priests, the first-fruits of humanity. But that purpose had been frustrated. Israel had refused that calling, had chosen to be as the nations around it, in its worship, its sensuality, and its greed of gain. It had, therefore, to be brought under another discipline, fitted for another work: “He made it again another vessel.” Jeremiah 18:4. The pressure of the Potter’s hand was to be harder, and the vessel was to be fashioned for less noble uses. Shame and suffering and exile—their land left desolate, and they themselves weeping by the waters of Babylon—these were the conditions to which they were now called to submit.

The age in which Paul lived was like that of Jeremiah. Once again the Potter was trying to fashion the clay into high and noble uses. Israel might have taken its place as the first fruits or the “honorable vessels” of the church of Christ, as the prophets and teachers of mankind. “To the Jew first,” was the rule invariably followed. But blindness, hardness, and unbelief marred the shape of the vessels made to honor. Now the gospel moved to the Gentiles—another vessel, which at first had been unto dishonor but now was used to do what Israel (the honored vessel) would not do. What Paul is teaching here is not predestination, but reward to whomsoever will respond to the gospel message.

Pastor Mike Baugher is a retired minister of the gospel. If you have a question you would like Pastor Mike to answer, e-mail it to: landmarks@stepstolife.org, or mail it to: LandMarks, Steps to Life, P. O. Box 782828, Wichita, KS 67278.